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    Säteilyturvakeskus STUK
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    • Frontpage
    • SERVICES AND GUIDANCE
      • E-services and forms
      • Report a radiation safety deviation
      • STUK's measurement and calibration services
        • Measurement for radioactivity in samples
        • Radiation meter calibrations and testing and irradiation
        • Measturements, tests and calibrations of non-ionizing radiation
        • PCXMC − Monte Carlo program for calculating patient doses from x-ray examinations
        • Fees for STUK's services and general terms of delivery
      • Open data
      • Legislation and guides
        • STUK's regulatory guides and decisions
        • STUK's regulations
        • Renewal of the nuclear safety regulation
      • Applying for a safety licence for the use of radiation
        • Fees for radiation practices regulation
        • Issuing authorizations for dealing with STUK
      • Calculation tools
    • RADIATION IN DAILYLIFE
      • What is radiation?
      • About Radon
        • Radon in Finland
        • Reference levels and regulations concerning radon in dwellings
        • Sources of Radon
        • Measuring radon
        • Radon mitigation
        • Radon in new buildings
        • Maps of radon in Finland
        • About radon regulation in general
        • National action plan to prevent radon risks
      • Electromagnetic fields
        • Base stations
        • Electricity grids and power lines
      • Sun's UV radiation
        • What is UV radiation?
        • Ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer
        • Protect yourself properly from the sun
      • Beauty care and sunbeds
        • Sunbeds
        • Radiation in beauty care
      • Use of radiation in medicine
      • Environmental radiation
        • Radiation today
        • Radiation in Europe - Eurdep
        • Natural background radiation
        • Radioactivity in outdoor air
        • Deposition
      • Laser products
      • How do healthcare and industry utilize radiation?
      • Radioactivity in consumer products
      • Radiation in appliances
      • Ultrasound
    • RADIATION SAFETY
      • Nuclear safety
        • Regulatory oversight of nuclear facilities
        • Regulatory oversight of nuclear safety
        • Licensing of nuclear facilities
        • Reporting on nuclear safety
        • Information on nuclear power plants
        • Information on nuclear waste
        • Peaceful uses of nuclear energy
      • For the user of radiation
        • Occupational radiation exposure and health surveillance
        • Prerequisites for a safety licence
        • STUK supervises radiation practices
        • Radiation protection training and qualifications
        • Radiation measurements and approvals
        • Radiation safety deviations
        • Guidelines for different sectors
        • Medical examinations and the resulting radiation exposure
        • Warning signs
        • Beauty care and sunbed services
        • Laser performances
      • Practice that causes exposure to natural radiation
        • What is practice that causes exposure to natural radiation
        • Radon at workplace
        • Radon in other premises used by people
        • Radon in underground mines and at excavation sites
        • Monitoring of radioactivity in household water
        • The radioactivity of building materials and ash
        • Industrial practices involving exposure to natural radiation - NORM
      • Preparedness for radiation hazards
        • Finns are protected
        • Authorities cooperate in the event of a radiation hazard situation
        • What could threaten Finland?
        • Actions in a radiation hazard situation
        • Abnormal events related to radiation
    • CURRENT ISSUES
      • Press releases and news
      • Publications
      • Newsletter
      • Information for media
      • Social media
      • Situation in Ukraine
    • ABOUT STUK
      • Tasks
      • Strategy
      • STUK as a workplace
      • Planning and monitoring
      • Accountability
      • Year 2022 in STUK
        • Director General’s review
        • The new office building in Vantaa meets STUK's special requirements
        • Intensive year of supervision in Olkiluoto
        • The year 2022 changed the focus of international co-operation
        • Cooperation with the African Commission on Nuclear Energy launched
        • Professors of Practice instill radiation safety expertise and research in universities
        • Ultraviolet radiation and radon monitoring and communication
        • Work for a radiation safe Baltic Sea
        • Use of radiation was supervised in industry, research and the health sector
        • STUK employee for more than 30 years: Elina Martikka
        • STUK's finances and personnel in 2022
      • Equality and non-discrimination
      • Advisory Committees
      • International reviews of STUK's operations
      • Networks and Co-operations
        • Cores - Finnish consortium of radiation safety research
      • Contact us
        • Send message
        • How to reach us
      • Information on STUK's website
        • Cookies on website
        • Processing of personal data on the website
        • Data protection at STUK
        • Accessibility statement
        • Sitemap
        • Processing of personal data in Communications
    • What is radiation?
    • About Radon
      • Radon in Finland
      • Reference levels and regulations concerning radon in dwellings
      • Sources of Radon
      • Measuring radon
      • Radon mitigation
      • Radon in new buildings
      • Maps of radon in Finland
      • About radon regulation in general
      • National action plan to prevent radon risks
    • Electromagnetic fields
      • Base stations
      • Electricity grids and power lines
    • Sun's UV radiation
      • What is UV radiation?
      • Ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer
      • Protect yourself properly from the sun
    • Beauty care and sunbeds
      • Sunbeds
      • Radiation in beauty care
    • Use of radiation in medicine
    • Environmental radiation
      • Radiation today
      • Radiation in Europe - Eurdep
      • Natural background radiation
      • Radioactivity in outdoor air
      • Deposition
        • The effects of the Chernobyl accident in Finland
        • Nuclear tests in the atmosphere
    • Laser products
    • How do healthcare and industry utilize radiation?
    • Radioactivity in consumer products
    • Radiation in appliances
    • Ultrasound
    • Säteilyturvakeskus STUK
    • en
    • RADIATION IN DAILYLIFE
    • Environmental radiation
    • Natural background radiation

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    • Frontpage
    • SERVICES AND GUIDANCE
      • E-services and forms
      • Report a radiation safety deviation
      • STUK's measurement and calibration services
        • Measurement for radioactivity in samples
          • Measurement methods and delivery times
          • Indoor air radon measurements
        • Radiation meter calibrations and testing and irradiation
          • Metrological activities
          • Quality system
        • Measturements, tests and calibrations of non-ionizing radiation
        • PCXMC − Monte Carlo program for calculating patient doses from x-ray examinations
        • Fees for STUK's services and general terms of delivery
      • Open data
      • Legislation and guides
        • STUK's regulatory guides and decisions
          • ST Guides
          • YVL Guides
          • VAL Guides
        • STUK's regulations
        • Renewal of the nuclear safety regulation
      • Applying for a safety licence for the use of radiation
        • Fees for radiation practices regulation
        • Issuing authorizations for dealing with STUK
      • Calculation tools
    • RADIATION IN DAILYLIFE
      • What is radiation?
      • About Radon
        • Radon in Finland
        • Reference levels and regulations concerning radon in dwellings
        • Sources of Radon
        • Measuring radon
        • Radon mitigation
        • Radon in new buildings
        • Maps of radon in Finland
        • About radon regulation in general
        • National action plan to prevent radon risks
      • Electromagnetic fields
        • Base stations
        • Electricity grids and power lines
      • Sun's UV radiation
        • What is UV radiation?
        • Ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer
        • Protect yourself properly from the sun
      • Beauty care and sunbeds
        • Sunbeds
        • Radiation in beauty care
      • Use of radiation in medicine
      • Environmental radiation
        • Radiation today
        • Radiation in Europe - Eurdep
        • Natural background radiation
        • Radioactivity in outdoor air
        • Deposition
          • The effects of the Chernobyl accident in Finland
          • Nuclear tests in the atmosphere
      • Laser products
      • How do healthcare and industry utilize radiation?
      • Radioactivity in consumer products
      • Radiation in appliances
      • Ultrasound
    • RADIATION SAFETY
      • Nuclear safety
        • Regulatory oversight of nuclear facilities
          • Loviisa nuclear power plant
          • Olkiluoto nuclear power plant
          • Encapsulation and final disposal facility
          • Research reactor in Otaniemi
          • Small modular reactors
          • Talvivaara mine
        • Regulatory oversight of nuclear safety
          • Nuclear facility practices
          • Radiation safety of nuclear facilities
          • Nuclear security arrangements
          • Inspection organisations
          • Nuclear materials
          • Nuclear waste management
        • Licensing of nuclear facilities
          • Before construction
          • Construction
          • Operation
          • Decommissioning
        • Reporting on nuclear safety
          • Tertial report on nuclear safety
            • Posiva's tertial report
            • Loviisa tertial raport
            • Olkiluoto tertial report
        • Information on nuclear power plants
          • Safety principles
          • Operation of a nuclear power plant
          • Types of nuclear power plants
          • Hanhikivi nuclear power plant project
          • Nuclear power plant accidents
            • Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident
            • Fukushima nuclear power plant accident
            • Studies after the Fukushima accident
        • Information on nuclear waste
          • Taking care of nuclear waste
        • Peaceful uses of nuclear energy
      • For the user of radiation
        • Occupational radiation exposure and health surveillance
        • Prerequisites for a safety licence
        • STUK supervises radiation practices
        • Radiation protection training and qualifications
        • Radiation measurements and approvals
        • Radiation safety deviations
          • Anonymized radiation safety deviations
        • Guidelines for different sectors
          • Veterinary X-ray practices
          • Trade, import and export of radioactive materials and consumer products
          • Aviation
          • Radioactive waste and discharges
          • Transport of radioactive substances
          • Radiation shielding of X-ray rooms in health care and veterinary practice
          • Dental X-ray practices
        • Medical examinations and the resulting radiation exposure
        • Warning signs
        • Beauty care and sunbed services
          • Information for professionals in the beauty care industry
          • Information for professionals in the sunbed services
          • Supervision of beauty care and sunbed services
        • Laser performances
      • Practice that causes exposure to natural radiation
        • What is practice that causes exposure to natural radiation
        • Radon at workplace
          • Areas where radon measurement in workplace is obligatory
          • Workplace radon concentrations in Finland
          • Workplaces built on highly permeable soils, where radon measurement in the workplace is required
          • Radon concentration during working hours
          • STUKs monitoring projects at workplaces
        • Radon in other premises used by people
        • Radon in underground mines and at excavation sites
        • Monitoring of radioactivity in household water
        • The radioactivity of building materials and ash
        • Industrial practices involving exposure to natural radiation - NORM
          • Obligation to report exposure to natural radiation - NORM
          • Waste containing naturally occurring radioactive materials
      • Preparedness for radiation hazards
        • Finns are protected
        • Authorities cooperate in the event of a radiation hazard situation
        • What could threaten Finland?
          • Dirty bomb
          • Depleted uranium
        • Actions in a radiation hazard situation
          • Information sources for members of the public
          • Instructions for members of the public
          • Sheltering indoors reduces radiation exposure
          • The iodine tablet protects the thyroid gland
          • Preventing health effects of radiation
          • Radiation measurements
          • The voluntary radiation measurement team strengthens Finland's measurement capacity
        • Abnormal events related to radiation
          • The International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale INES
    • CURRENT ISSUES
      • Press releases and news
      • Publications
      • Newsletter
      • Information for media
      • Social media
      • Situation in Ukraine
    • ABOUT STUK
      • Tasks
      • Strategy
      • STUK as a workplace
      • Planning and monitoring
      • Accountability
      • Year 2022 in STUK
        • Director General’s review
        • The new office building in Vantaa meets STUK's special requirements
        • Intensive year of supervision in Olkiluoto
        • The year 2022 changed the focus of international co-operation
        • Cooperation with the African Commission on Nuclear Energy launched
        • Professors of Practice instill radiation safety expertise and research in universities
        • Ultraviolet radiation and radon monitoring and communication
        • Work for a radiation safe Baltic Sea
        • Use of radiation was supervised in industry, research and the health sector
        • STUK employee for more than 30 years: Elina Martikka
        • STUK's finances and personnel in 2022
      • Equality and non-discrimination
      • Advisory Committees
      • International reviews of STUK's operations
      • Networks and Co-operations
        • Cores - Finnish consortium of radiation safety research
          • National Radiation Safety Research Programme
          • European collaboration
      • Contact us
        • Send message
        • How to reach us
      • Information on STUK's website
        • Cookies on website
        • Processing of personal data on the website
        • Data protection at STUK
        • Accessibility statement
        • Sitemap
        • Processing of personal data in Communications